8. Disaster Management

Give answer to the following questions approximately in 10-15 words

 Q 1. What is meant by the disaster?

Ans. When the hazards or dangers take the form of dangerous accidents, these are called disasters.

 

Q 2. What are the main natural disasters?

Ans.  1.  Earthquakes  2.  Volcanic activity 3.       Tsunamis 4. Floods 5. Cyclones

6. Landslides 7. Avalanches        8. Drought.

 

Q 3. What is an earthquake? How is it measured?

Ans. The shaking of the earth is called 'earthquake'. It is measured on 'Richter Scale' and 'Marcallis scale'.

 

Q 4. What is a volcano? Write the names of its types.

Ans. The interior part of the earth is still very hot. Sometimes, the molten rocks inside the earth come outside in the form of lava. The process of coming of lava over the surface of the earth is known as 'volcano'.

The volcanoes mainly are of three types:-

1.   Active volcanoes 2. Dormant volcanoes 3. Extinct volcanoes.

 

Q 5. How does the Tsunami originate?

Ans. Tsunami is a type of sea wave which may originate from the earthquake, volcanoes, landslide etc. at the bottom of sea.

 

Q 6. What are the main causes of floods?

Ans. 1. Heavy rain 2. Cyclones 3. Bursting of clouds 4. Poor drainage system

1.   Breaking of dams etc.

 

 

 

 

 

Q 7. What is a cyclone? By what other names it is called?

Ans. Cyclones or storms are the fast blowing winds at the speed of 63 km per hour or more. These are called as 'hurricanes' in North America, 'typhoons' in South East Asia and 'storms' or 'whirlwinds' in India.

 

Q 8. What do you mean by the human disasters?

Ans. The disasters created by man are called 'human disasters'. E.g. Bomb explosions, terrorism, war, epidemics etc.

 

Q 9. What do you understand from the term epidemic?

Ans. When a disease spreads and affects a large number of people, it is called epidemic. Cholera, Dengue fever, Yellow fever, Covid-19 etc.

 

Answer the following questions in 50-60 words:-

 Q 10. How do the disasters affect the man?

Ans. Disasters occur for a very short period of time but cause a very large scale destruction. These cause a big loss to life and property. Many people become homeless.

 

Q 11. What things we should take care of in the disaster management of earthquakes?

Ans. 1. The designs and construction of the buildings should be such that no damage is caused to the buildings by earthquakes.

2.   If you are sitting indoors at the time of earthquake, then instead of running outside, take yourself under some hard things like beds, tables or stand in the door.

3.  If you are outside at the time of the earthquake, then move to an open space.

4.   The means of transport and communication affected by earthquake should be resumed at the earliest.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Q 12. What protective measures should be taken to save ourselves from the volcanoes and tsunamis?

Ans. 1. Protection from volcanoes: - 1. The buildings or houses should not be constructed near the volcanic prone area.

2.   On seeing some early signs of volcanic eruption we should move away from that area.

3.   Government should be ready to provide medical and other facilities.

2. Protection from Tsunamis: - 1. After getting the information about Tsunami we should not go to the sea.

2.   The ships and the boats sailing in the sea should come back to the ports.

3.   People of coastal areas should move away to the safer places.

 

Q 13. What steps can be taken for protection from drought?

Ans. 1. We should always use water with care. Water should not be wasted.

2.   More of trees should be planted as trees help in bringing rain.

3.    In the drought prone areas, low water requiring crops like maize, millets, pulses etc. should only be grown.

4.  Rainwater should be stored in the tanks or dams to use at the time of scarcity of water.

 

Q 14. What measures can save us from the disasters like epidemic?

Ans. 1. Pure air, water and clean surrounding can save us from many diseases.

2.   The development of slums around the cities should be stopped.

3.     There should be regular checkup of diseases in the villages, cities and schools.

4.   There should be proper medical facilities and teams of doctors.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I. Answer the following questions in 1-15 words:

1. What is meant by the disasters?

2. What are the main natural disasters?

3. What is included in the subject of disaster management?

4. What is an earthquake? How is it measured?

5. What is a Volcano? Write types.

6. How does the tsunami originate?

7. What are the main causes of floods?

8. What is a cyclone? By what other names it is called?

9. What can be the causes of landslide?

10. What do you mean by the human disasters?

11. What do you understand form the term epidemic?

II. Answer the following questions in 50-60 words:

1. How do the disasters affect the man?

2. Mention the causes of earthquakes and the major earthquake regions of the World?

3. What things we should take care of in the disaster management of floods?

4. What protective measures should be taken to save ourselves from the canoes and tsunamis?

5. What steps can be taken for protection from drought?

6. What measures can save us from the disasters like epidemic?

III. Answer the following questions in about 125-130 words:

 1. What protective measures should we adopt to save ourselves from the disasters like floods and cyclones? Write in detail?

2. What are 'human disasters’? Explain the 'disaster management' of any two human disasters in detail.

IV. Activity:

 

Prepare a report of 3-4 pages on natural disaster faced by India in Uttrakhand in June, 2013. Use related pictures with the help of Internet.

OR

Prepare a report on any other natural disaster with the help of your teacher.